General Pathology USMLE Step 1 Practice Question
A 69-year-old woman with rheumatic heart disease presents with progressive dyspnea and orthopnea. Vital signs: BP 148/92 mmHg, HR 108/min, RR 22/min, SpO2 92% on room air. Physical examination reveals bibasilar crackles and a low-pitched diastolic rumble at the apex. Chest radiograph shows pulmonary vascular congestion with elevated pulmonary venous pressure. B-natriuretic peptide is 450 pg/mL. Jugular venous pulsation is not elevated. Sputum cytology is most likely to show which of the following?
Answer choices
- AEosinophils with Charcot Leyden crystals
- BFoamy macrophages filled with lipid
- CHistiocytes containing ferritin only
- DNeutrophils with toxic granulation
- EAlveolar macrophages containing hemosiderinCorrect answer
- FSurfactant-laden lamellar body inclusions in type II pneumocytes
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