Coronary Artery Disease USMLE Step 1 Practice Question
A 55-year-old woman with a 10-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia (LDL 156 mg/dL despite atorvastatin) presents to the emergency department with acute substernal chest pain radiating to her left arm and associated dyspnea. Vital signs show blood pressure 92/58 mmHg, heart rate 102 bpm, and respiratory rate 22/min. Troponin I is 3.2 ng/mL (normal <0.04). A 12-lead ECG demonstrates new ST-segment elevation in leads V1-V4 with reciprocal ST depression in leads II, III, and aVF. She is immediately anticoagulated with heparin and taken for urgent cardiac catheterization. Coronary angiography reveals a critical LAD occlusion with TIMI 0 flow, severe (90%) RCA stenosis, and severe (85%) LCx stenosis. Hemodynamic assessment shows a cardiac output of 3.8 L/min with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 28 mmHg. Left ventriculography demonstrates global hypokinesis with an ejection fraction of 28%. Which of the following findings most strongly supports mechanical revascularization via percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting rather than medical management alone?
Answer choices
- ATriple-vessel coronary artery disease with acute STEMI and severely reduced ejection fraction
- BElevated B-type natriuretic peptide level of 450 pg/mL
- CPresence of anterior wall motion abnormality on left ventriculography
- DTIMI 0 flow in the infarct-related artery with hemodynamic instabilityCorrect answer
- EElevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein of 8.2 mg/L
- FHistory of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus with LDL >150 mg/dL
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