Chronic Kidney Disease USMLE Step 1 Practice Question
A newborn boy presents with severe respiratory distress (RR 68/min, SpO2 78% on room air) shortly after birth. Prenatal ultrasound demonstrated oligohydramnios and bilaterally enlarged echogenic kidneys with loss of corticomedullary differentiation. Physical examination reveals characteristic flattened facies, micrognathia, and limb deformities. Serum creatinine is 2.8 mg/dL. The mother denies maternal infections or medication use during pregnancy. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Answer choices
- AAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
- BAutosomal recessive polycystic kidney diseaseCorrect answer
- CWilms tumor
- DMinimal change disease
- ERenal cell carcinoma
- FCongenital bilateral renal hypoplasia
See the full explanation
Get the correct-answer rationale, why each distractor is wrong, the underlying mechanism, and high-yield associations — plus adaptive practice that targets your weak areas — with a free MedBoardPRO account.