Restrictive Lung Disease USMLE Step 1 Practice Question
A 62-year-old man with 40 pack-year smoking history and COPD presents with acute dyspnea, hemoptysis, and malaise. Vital signs show BP 148/92, HR 102, RR 26, SpO2 88% on room air. Chest X-ray reveals new diffuse alveolar infiltrates. Serum creatinine is 2.1 mg/dL. ANCA serologic testing is positive. He denies recent infections or medication changes. Which diagnosis best explains the acute restrictive component superimposed on his underlying COPD?
Answer choices
- ASpontaneous pneumothorax from bullae rupture
- BAcute exacerbation of COPD from bacterial infection
- CAcute myocardial infarction with cardiogenic pulmonary edema
- DPulmonary-renal vasculitis with alveolar hemorrhageCorrect answer
- EAspiration pneumonia from dysphagia
- FAcute interstitial pneumonia secondary to smoking-related emphysema progression
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