Immunology USMLE Step 1 Practice Question
After high-dose chemotherapy and irradiation, a 35-year-old female with acute myeloid leukemia in remission receives a bone marrow transplant from her HLA-matched brother. One week after the graft, the patient develops a fever and a maculopapular rash over her upper extremities and back. She also notes abdominal pain and diarrhea. Laboratory examination is remarkable for elevation of alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's symptoms?
Answer choices
- AHyperacute graft rejection
- BBacterial infection from the graft
- CGraft-versus-host diseaseCorrect answer
- DBlast crisis
- ERadiation toxicity
- FAcute transplant rejection mediated by donor T cell recognition of recipient HLA antigens
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