Electrolyte Disorders USMLE Step 1 Practice Questions
55 board-style USMLE Step 1 questions in Nephrology. Each question shows the correct answer; create a free account for the full explanation and adaptive practice.
- USMLE Step 1 · medium1. A 72-year-old woman with SIADH secondary to small-cell lung cancer presents with confusion, headache, and nausea. Vital signs: BP 128/76, HR 92, RR 16, Temp 37.2°C, SpO2 98% on…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium2. A 72-year-old man with SIADH secondary to small cell lung cancer presents with acute confusion and generalized seizures. Vital signs: BP 128/76 mmHg, HR 92 bpm, RR 18/min, Temp…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium3. A 56-year-old man with a 5-year history of hypertension has been taking hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg daily for the past 3 months. He presents to the clinic with a 2-week history of…
- USMLE Step 1 · hard4. A 38-year-old man with chronic diarrhea presents with weakness and muscle cramps. Vital signs: BP 128/82 mmHg, HR 102 bpm, RR 18/min, temp 37.2°C, SpO2 98% on room air. Laborato…
- USMLE Step 1 · hard5. A 52-year-old man with a 10-year history of systolic heart failure (EF 35%) presents to the emergency department with progressive orthostatic dizziness, confusion, and nausea ov…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium6. A 34-year-old man with a 3-day history of severe watery diarrhea presents with complaints of weakness and dizziness. Physical examination reveals dry mucous membranes, decreased…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium7. A 45-year-old man with chronic kidney disease stage 4 (GFR 22 mL/min/1.73m²) presents to the emergency department with acute-onset muscle cramps and generalized weakness. He den…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium8. A 56-year-old man with a 10-year history of hypertension presents to clinic with a 3-month history of progressive muscle weakness, fatigue, and polyuria. He reports being on hyd…
- USMLE Step 1 · hard9. A 41-year-old woman presents with a 2-year history of recurrent kidney stones and persistent hypercalciuria. She denies taking vitamin supplements or medications. Physical exami…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium10. A 19-year-old male runner collapses during a marathon after consuming 12 liters of hypotonic fluid over 4 hours. He presents with severe headache, confusion, and generalized sei…
- USMLE Step 1 · hard11. A 68-year-old man with a history of systolic heart failure (ejection fraction 32%) presents to the clinic with a 3-day history of progressive fatigue, mild confusion, and headac…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium12. A 34-year-old woman with anorexia nervosa presents after one week of nutritional rehabilitation with high-carbohydrate refeeding. She has confusion, palpitations, and a seizure.…
- USMLE Step 1 · hard13. A 52-year-old man with a 12-year history of stage 4 chronic kidney disease (eGFR 18 mL/min/1.73m²) presents to clinic with progressive nausea, constipation, and nocturia. He has…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium14. A 45-year-old man with a history of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease presents to the emergency department with palpitations and muscle weakness. His wife reports he…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium15. A 62-year-old man with COPD on no diuretics presents with acute confusion and generalized seizures. Vital signs: BP 128/82 mmHg, HR 92/min, RR 18/min, temp 37.2°C, SpO2 96%. Phy…
- USMLE Step 1 · hard16. A 55-year-old man with a 10-year history of alcoholic cirrhosis and refractory ascites presents to the hospital with a 3-day history of progressive muscle cramps, generalized we…
- USMLE Step 1 · hard17. A 78-year-old man with metastatic prostate cancer presents to the emergency department 2 days after initiating chemotherapy with complaints of severe muscle weakness, diffuse cr…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium18. A 19-year-old female cross-country athlete collapses after running a 10 km race in 95°F weather. On scene, she is confused and complains of nausea. Her teammates report she dran…
- USMLE Step 1 · hard19. A 26-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus presents to the emergency department with severe headache, confusion, and blurred vision. She reports no recent medication…
- USMLE Step 1 · hard20. A 34-year-old man presents to the emergency department with altered mental status and tachypnea. He reports ingesting a large quantity of aspirin 2 hours ago in a suicide attemp…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium21. A 52-year-old woman with no past medical history presents with progressive fatigue and proximal muscle weakness. Vital signs: BP 138/88 mmHg, HR 92 bpm, RR 16/min, temp 37.2°C.…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium22. A 68-year-old man with stage 3 CKD and type 2 diabetes presents with polyuria and polydipsia. Vital signs: BP 158/92, HR 104, RR 22, temp 37.2°C, SpO2 98%. Serum sodium 152 mEq/…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium23. A 45-year-old woman with a 10-year history of hypertension managed with lisinopril presents to the emergency department with acute onset generalized muscle weakness and palpitat…
- USMLE Step 1 · medium24. A 72-year-old man with a 10-year history of COPD presents to the emergency department with acute confusion, headache, and nausea that developed over 24 hours. His wife reports h…